Replacing drum brakes might sound intimidating, but it’s actually something many car owners can tackle with a little patience and the right tools. In this guide, we’ll walk you through the basics of how drum brakes work, how to know when they need replacing, and how to swap them out yourself safely.
Whether you’re a seasoned DIYer or just curious about how your car stays safe on the road, this step-by-step guide will help you get started.
Want a deeper dive into drum brakes before getting your hands dirty? Check out our full Drum Brakes Guide for more context.
How Drum Brakes Work
Drum brakes operate using friction, just like disc brakes, but the setup is a bit different. Instead of brake pads pressing against a rotor, drum brakes use brake shoes that press outward against the inside of a spinning drum attached to the wheel.
Here’s a quick breakdown of the process:
- When you hit the brake pedal, hydraulic pressure pushes the wheel cylinder pistons outward.
- These pistons force the brake shoes to expand and press against the inside of the brake drum.
- The friction slows down the wheel, and once you release the pedal, springs pull the shoes back into place.
It’s a simple yet effective system, especially for rear wheels where less stopping force is needed. If you’re curious about how drum brakes compare to disc brakes, check out our post on Disc Brakes vs. Drum Brakes.
Signs Your Drum Brakes Need Replacing
Drum brakes can wear out gradually, so it’s important to pay attention to the subtle changes in how your car responds. Here are a few common warning signs that your drum brakes may need attention:
- Squeaking or Grinding Noises
High-pitched squeals or grinding when you brake usually mean the brake shoes are worn out, and possibly damaging the drum. - Reduced Braking Performance
If your car takes longer to stop or feels sluggish when braking, the shoes might not be creating enough friction. - Vibration or Pulsation
A vibrating brake pedal or pulsing sensation can indicate uneven wear or warped drums. - Soft or Spongy Pedal Feel
Air or fluid leaks in the brake system can cause your pedal to feel soft, and worn drums can be part of the problem. - Handbrake Trouble
Rear drum brakes also work with the handbrake. If it feels loose or ineffective, the drums or shoes could be worn out.
Tools and Parts You’ll Need
Before diving into the replacement process, make sure you have everything ready. Here’s a basic list of tools and parts to get the job done safely and efficiently:
Tools
- Jack and jack stands (or a hydraulic lift)
- Lug wrench
- Socket set and ratchet
- Brake spring pliers or brake tool kit
- Flathead screwdriver
- Needle-nose pliers
- Rubber mallet (optional, for loosening stuck drums)
- Brake cleaner spray
- Safety gloves and eye protection
Replacement Parts
- New brake shoes (make sure they match your vehicle’s make and model)
- Brake hardware kit (springs and clips)
- Brake drum (optional, if damaged or overly worn)
- Anti-seize or brake lubricant (for reassembly)
It’s a good idea to work on one wheel at a time—using the assembled side as a reference while you install parts on the other. This can help avoid confusion when handling the springs and clips, which can be tricky to reinstall.
Once you’ve gathered your materials, you’re ready to start the replacement process.
Step-by-Step Guide to Replacing Drum Brakes
Replacing drum brakes isn’t overly complicated, but it does require attention to detail. Follow these steps carefully, and don’t rush the process:
1. Park Safely and Secure the Vehicle
Make sure your car is on a level surface. Engage the parking brake, then loosen the rear wheel lug nuts slightly before lifting the car with a jack. Secure it with jack stands for safety.
2. Remove the Wheel and Brake Drum
Once the wheel is off, you’ll see the drum. It may slide off easily, or it might be stuck due to rust. Use a rubber mallet to gently tap it loose if needed.
3. Inspect and Take a Photo
Before removing anything, take a clear photo of the brake assembly. This will be your guide when reassembling the new parts.
4. Remove the Brake Shoes and Hardware
Using a brake spring tool or needle-nose pliers, carefully detach the springs, clips, and hold-down pins. Remove the old shoes and clean the entire area with brake cleaner.
5. Install the New Brake Shoes
Position the new brake shoes in place, then reconnect the hardware using your earlier photo for reference. Make sure all springs and clips are reinstalled securely.
6. Reinstall the Drum and Wheel
Slide the drum back over the brake shoes. If it’s tight, double-check your assembly. Then reattach the wheel and tighten the lug nuts by hand.
7. Lower the Car and Test the Brakes
Lower the vehicle and tighten the lug nuts fully. Before driving, pump the brake pedal a few times to seat the new brake shoes.
Need a visual walk-through? This YouTube tutorial shows the full drum brake replacement process and is great for first-timers.
When to Seek Professional Help
While replacing drum brakes is doable for many DIYers, it’s not for everyone. If you run into any of the following, it’s time to call in a professional:
- You’re unsure about reassembling the springs or clips: The hardware setup can be tricky, and mistakes can affect braking performance.
- The drum won’t come off, even with effort: Stuck drums may need special tools or techniques to remove safely.
- You spot leaking brake fluid: This could indicate deeper issues with the wheel cylinder or brake lines.
- You’re simply not confident: There’s no shame in handing it over to a trained technician to ensure your safety.
Conclusion
Replacing drum brakes might seem like a big job, but with the right tools, a bit of patience, it’s something many car owners can handle. Just remember—safety first. If at any point you’re unsure, it’s best to consult a pro.
Need quality replacement parts for your drum brake system? Varsani Brake Linings supplies OE-grade brake linings, brake shoes, and more—view our brake products and services here.
